Miyajima, officially known as Itsukushima, is a small island located in Hiroshima Bay, Japan. The island is best known for the Itsukushima Shrine and its iconic “floating” torii gate, which appears to hover above the water during high tide, creating a mystical and ethereal scene.
Visitors to Miyajima can experience the island’s serene atmosphere, which contrasts sharply with the hustle and bustle of nearby Hiroshima. The island’s blend of spiritual significance, natural beauty, and rich history make it a must-visit destination for travelers seeking an authentic and memorable experience in Japan.
Why Miyajima is Worth Visiting
Miyajima is renowned for its breathtaking natural beauty and rich cultural heritage, which have earned it global recognition and admiration.
UNESCO World Heritage Site
In 1996, the Itsukushima Shrine and Mount Misen, along with 14% of the island, were designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The mystical shrine, which appears to float on the sea, along with the surrounding natural beauty, was acknowledged for its universal value. This recognition underscores the island’s global cultural and natural significance.
Revered by Historical Samurai
Miyajima has a long history of being revered by some of Japan’s most prominent historical figures. The Itsukushima Shrine was reconstructed during the Heian period by Taira no Kiyomori. Later, notable samurai such as Ashikaga Takauji, Ashikaga Yoshimitsu, Mōri Motonari, and Toyotomi Hideyoshi also showed deep respect for the shrine. This legacy of reverence by influential leaders adds a profound historical depth to the island’s spiritual significance.
The Island as a Sacred Body
Long before the construction of the Itsukushima Shrine in the late 6th century, the entire island of Miyajima was considered sacred. For centuries, inhabitation and agriculture were prohibited to preserve its sanctity. To this day, there are no graves on the island, reflecting its enduring status as a sacred site.
One of Japan’s Three Most Scenic Spots (Sankei)
Since the early Edo period, Miyajima has been celebrated as one of Japan’s Three Scenic Spots, along with Matsushima in Miyagi and Amanohashidate in Kyoto. This designation was first noted by Hayashi Shunsai, who traveled across Japan and documented its most remarkable landscapes. The combination of the island’s stunning sea and mountain views has long been admired and continues to captivate visitors.
Main Sightseeing Areas
Miyajima’s attractions are divided into three main areas, each offering unique experiences: shopping and dining, historical exploration, and natural beauty.
Omotesando Shopping Street
Omotesando Shopping Street is a bustling 300-meter stretch lined with about 70 shops. This vibrant street is perfect for sampling local foods and buying souvenirs. Visitors can enjoy the island’s famous momiji manju (maple leaf cakes) and fresh oysters, and don’t miss trying the local favorite, anago (conger eel) dishes. The street also offers a variety of unique Miyajima souvenirs, including handmade crafts and wooden rice scoops.
Around Itsukushima Shrine
The area around Itsukushima Shrine is rich in history and culture. The shrine itself is known for its “floating” torii gate, which provides stunning views, especially during high tide. This area also features other historical temples and shrines, offering visitors the chance to discover the island’s rich cultural heritage and enjoy the changing scenery with the tides.
Mount Misen Area
Mount Misen, standing at 535 meters, is Miyajima’s highest peak and is ideal for nature lovers. The area offers picturesque hiking trails that lead through dense forests and past giant boulders, with panoramic views from the summit. For a less strenuous option, visitors can take the ropeway for a scenic ride to the top, which takes about two hours.
Miyajima Attractions
Itsukushima Shrine
Iconic shrine with a floating torii gate
Daishoin
Historic temple with beautiful mountain views
Mt. Misen
The island’s highest peak with panoramic views
Momijidani Park
Scenic park known for autumn foliage
Miyajima Public Aquarium
Family-friendly aquarium showcasing marine life
Omotesando Shopping Street
Bustling street with local shops and food
Senjokaku
Unfinished shrine that has a large wooden hall
Rokai Bune
Traditional boat tour that goes through the torii gate.
Miyajima Tours & Activities
Festivals & Special Events in Miyajima
Miyajima is not only a place of natural beauty and historical significance but also a site for vibrant traditional events that reflect the island’s rich cultural heritage. Here are some of the most notable festivals and ceremonies you shouldn’t miss:
Miyajima Kiyomori Festival
- Date: Sunday around March 20
- Location: Kiyomori Shrine and surrounding areas
- Description: This festival reenacts the pilgrimage procession of the Taira clan, with about 160 participants dressed as samurai warriors, princesses, and other historical figures. The parade winds its way through the island, creating a vivid and colorful spectacle that brings history to life.
Firewalking Ceremony (Hiwatari-shiki)
- Date: April 15 and November 15
- Location: Daishoin Temple
- Description: In this dramatic ceremony, participants walk barefoot over smoldering embers ignited by the eternal flame of Mount Misen. This act is a prayer for good health and protection from evil. Visitors are welcome to join in this unique and powerful experience.
Kangen-sai Festival
- Date: 17th day of the 6th month of the lunar calendar
- Location: Itsukushima Shrine and surrounding areas
- Description: The Kangen-sai Festival is the most important Shinto ceremony at Itsukushima Shrine. During the evening and into the night, a grand procession of boats travels between Miyajima and the mainland, accompanied by traditional court music known as kangen. This mesmerizing event is a blend of spiritual reverence and cultural tradition.
Chinka-sai (Fire Prevention Festival)
- Date: December 31
- Location: Itsukushima Shrine and Mikasa Beach
- Description: On New Year’s Eve, young men carry massive torches through the streets to Mikasa Beach. The glowing procession is a ritual to drive away evil spirits and prevent fires in the coming year. Participants also carry smaller torches as amulets for fire prevention.
*Actual dates for each festival may vary each year.
Local Delicacies
Miyajima is a paradise for food lovers, offering a variety of unique and delicious local dishes. The island’s culinary offerings reflect its rich cultural heritage and abundant natural resources. Here are some iconic dishes you must try during your visit:
Oysters
Miyajima is renowned for its fresh oysters, which are harvested from the surrounding waters. These oysters are plump, juicy, and can be enjoyed in several ways:
- Grilled: Often served at street stalls, grilled oysters are a smoky, flavorful treat.
- Raw: Enjoy the pure, briny taste of fresh oysters served on the half shell.
- Fried: Known as kaki furai, fried oysters are crispy on the outside and tender on the inside.
Anago Meshi (Conger Eel Rice)
Anago, or conger eel, is another local specialty. Anago meshi is a dish where grilled eel is served over a bed of rice, often accompanied by a sweet and savory sauce. This dish is a must-try for its delicate flavor and satisfying texture.
Momiji Manju
These maple leaf-shaped cakes are a beloved local sweet. Filled with sweet red bean paste, custard, or other flavored fillings, momiji manju are a perfect snack or souvenir. They are best enjoyed fresh and warm from the oven.
Tips for Travelers
- Plan Your Island Tour: Check the ferry schedules and tidal times in advance. Staying overnight allows for a unique early morning visit to Itsukushima Shrine.
- Walk Around the Island: Most attractions are within a 25-minute walk from the Miyajima Pier, with the shrine being just a 12-minute walk. Leave your car at the Miyajima-guchi ferry terminal on the mainland as the island has narrow roads and limited parking.
- Check Tidal Times: Visiting Itsukushima Shrine during high tide offers the best views. The tides change approximately every six hours, dramatically altering the scenery. Tide schedules are posted at the Miyajima Tourist Information Center and the entrance of Itsukushima Shrine.
- Half-Day or Full-Day Visit: If you’re short on time, three hours is sufficient for the shrine and Omotesando Shopping Street. However, a full day is recommended to explore Mount Misen and other temples. Staying overnight allows for an early morning shrine visit.
- Must-Try Foods: Don’t miss the local delicacies. In the morning, try freshly baked momiji manju. Grab grilled oysters for a snack, and enjoy anago meshi (conger eel rice) for lunch.
- Carry Cash: Many smaller shops and eateries in Miyajima do not accept credit cards, so it’s wise to carry enough cash for purchases and meals.
- Pack Light: If you plan to hike Mount Misen or explore the island on foot, pack light and wear comfortable walking shoes. The trails can be steep and require good mobility.
- Stay Hydrated: Bring a refillable water bottle, especially if you’re hiking. There are vending machines and shops where you can buy drinks, but it’s always good to have water on hand.
- Respect Wildlife: The deer on Miyajima are friendly but can become aggressive if provoked. Avoid feeding them, and be cautious around them.
- Accommodation Options: Consider staying in a ryokan (traditional Japanese inn) for a unique cultural experience. Alternatively, you can stay in a hotel or guesthouse on the mainland and take the ferry for a day trip.
- Photography Tips: For the best photos of the floating torii gate, visit during high tide and sunset. These times provide the most dramatic and beautiful lighting for your pictures.
Best Time to Visit
Timing your visit to Miyajima can greatly enhance your experience. The island offers different charms in each season, so consider what you most want to see and do when planning your trip.
Spring (March to May): Spring is one of the best times to visit Miyajima, especially during the cherry blossom season. The island’s parks and temples are adorned with beautiful sakura blossoms, creating picturesque scenery. The weather is generally mild, making it perfect for sightseeing and hiking.
Summer (June to August): Summer brings warmer temperatures and lush greenery to Miyajima. It’s a great time for hiking Mount Misen and enjoying the island’s outdoor activities. However, it can get quite humid, so be prepared with plenty of water and sun protection.
Autumn (September to November): Autumn is another excellent time to visit, particularly for the stunning fall foliage. Momijidani Park and the surrounding areas are transformed into a vibrant tapestry of red, orange, and yellow leaves. The weather is cool and comfortable, ideal for exploring the island.
Winter (December to February): Winter is the least crowded season, offering a peaceful and serene atmosphere. While it can be chilly, the island’s beauty is still apparent, and the lack of crowds means you can enjoy the sights more privately. The snow-capped Mount Misen provides a picturesque backdrop.
Where to Stay
How to Get to Miyajima
Reaching Miyajima from Hiroshima is straightforward, with multiple transport options to suit different preferences. The journey typically begins from Hiroshima Station.
By Train and Ferry: The most popular route involves taking the JR Sanyo Line from Hiroshima Station to Miyajimaguchi Station, a trip that takes about 25 minutes. From Miyajimaguchi Station, it’s a short walk to the ferry terminal. There are two main ferry operators: JR and Matsudai. The JR ferry is included in the Japan Rail Pass, making it a convenient choice for pass holders. The ferry ride to Miyajima Island takes approximately 10 minutes, offering scenic views of the Seto Inland Sea and the iconic Itsukushima Shrine’s torii gate.
By Tram and Ferry: Alternatively, you can take the Hiroshima Electric Railway (Hiroden) tram from central Hiroshima to Hiroden-miyajima-guchi Station. This option is slower, taking about 70 minutes, but offers a more leisurely and scenic ride through the city and surrounding areas. From Hiroden-miyajima-guchi Station, it’s a short walk to the ferry terminal.
By Car and Ferry: For those who prefer driving, parking is available at the Miyajimaguchi ferry terminal on the mainland. The ferry ride for passengers and cars is similar in duration, taking about 10 minutes to reach Miyajima Island.
