A Traveler’s Guide to Autumn in Japan

Fall holds a special place in my heart. It was autumn in Japan when I first came here as a tourist; it was also autumn when I started living in Tokyo a year later. More than a decade has passed, and I still get excited when the temperatures drop and know that fall is just around the corner.

Which is why I was compelled to write a basic guide to autumn in Japan. Whether you come from a country that has 4 seasons or not, this guide is meant to share the highlights of the fall season in Japan. From the best places to see fall foliage colors to the delicious seasonal treats you need to try, this article aims to equip you with the knowledge you need for an unforgettable experience.

Why Visit Japan in Autumn?

• Dazzling Foliage: Experience koyo, the Japanese term for autumn leaf viewing, with vibrant shades of red, orange, and yellow adorning landscapes across the country.
• Culinary Adventure: Autumn is harvest season in Japan, which means an abundance of fresh, seasonal produce like persimmons, sweet potatoes, and chestnuts.
• Mild Weather: The temperatures are comfortable—neither too hot nor too cold—making it perfect for outdoor activities like hiking and sightseeing.
• Cultural Festivals: Many regions have local festivals during autumn, which offer unique insights into Japanese traditions and customs.
• Outdoor Activities: From hiking in the Japanese Alps to exploring traditional gardens, the season is perfect for a range of outdoor activities.

When is Autumn in Japan?

Autumn in Japan can be observed from the months of September to early December. The official kick-off for this picturesque season is the “Autumnal Equinox,” a public holiday that usually falls around September 23rd. This day marks the shift from summer to autumn and is observed across the country.

The changing of leaf colors, or koyo (紅葉), starts in the northernmost prefecture of Hokkaido and makes its way down to the southern regions. In Hokkaido, you can start seeing the shift as early as late September, while in areas like Kyoto and Tokyo, the peak is usually around late November.

Both the autumn foliage front (koyo senzen) and the cherry blossom front (sakura senzen) are tracked annually, attracting attention from locals and tourists. However, koyo tends to last longer, providing a more extended viewing period. Like the cherry blossom season, autumn foliage also has its own forecasts and maps that people use to plan their trips.

By understanding when autumn occurs and how it progresses across Japan, you can better plan your trip to align with what you most want to see and do.

Fall Foliage Forecast 2023

The following fall foliage forecast was based on the data from Japan Meteorological Corporation, released September 4, 2023.

Location	Yellow Leaves	Red Leaves
Sapporo	11/6	11/8
Aomori	11/6	11/14
Sendai	11/29	11/27
Tokyo	11/25	11/30
Kanazawa	11/10	11/30
Nagano	11/14	11/22
Nagoya	11/18	12/2
Kyoto	11/27	12/11
Osaka	11/24	12/3
Wakayama	11/26	12/12
Hiroshima	11/20	11/28
Kochi	11/15	12/9
Fukuoka	11/27	12/9
Kagoshima	11/28	12/13

Types of Fall Foliage in Japan

Japan’s autumn landscape offers an array of foliage types, each with its unique visual allure and cultural significance. Here’s what you can expect to see and where:

Higanbana (Spider Lilies)

When to See: Mid-September to early October
Where to See: Kinchakuda Manjushage Park in Saitama, Anao-ji Temple in Kyoto

Red spider lilies are striking perennial plants known for their vivid, red petals that stand out dramatically against their green stems. Called higanbana in Japanese, they are often associated with the afterlife and are sometimes planted near graves. They offer a unique visual spectacle that captures both the beauty and transience of life—a must-see for anyone visiting Japan in late September.

Kochia (Fire Bushes)

When to See: October
Where to See: Hitachi Seaside Park in Ibaraki, Oishi Park in Yamanashi

Kochia are intriguing bushy plants that undergo a dramatic transformation as the seasons change. During the summer, they are lush and green, but come October, they turn into stunning orbs of fiery red and burgundy, resembling small fireballs scattered across the landscape. While not steeped in historical or cultural significance like some other foliage in Japan, kochia have rapidly gained popularity for their unique autumnal display. They create an almost surreal setting, especially when viewed en masse, making them a rising star in the realm of Japanese autumn foliage. Their vibrant hues and curious shapes provide a vivid contrast to the more traditional tones of maples and ginkgos, making them a must-see for anyone seeking a fresh, eye-catching autumn experience.

Ginkgo Trees

When to See: Late November to early December
Where to See: Jingu Gaien and the Hongo Campus of the University of Tokyo in Tokyo

Ginkgo trees are among the oldest living tree species, characterized by their unique, fan-shaped leaves. In the autumn months, these leaves transform into a stunning shade of golden yellow, creating a visual spectacle that captures the essence of the season. These trees are not only visually captivating but also deeply symbolic in Japanese culture. The golden leaves are seen as a symbol of longevity and endurance, often gracing temples and historical sites. This combination of natural beauty and cultural significance makes ginkgo trees a must-see feature of Japan’s autumn landscape.

Maple Trees

When to See: Late October to late November
Where to See: Around Kiyomizu Temple and Arashiyama in Kyoto

Maple trees are quintessential to Japan’s autumn landscape, boasting leaves that change from vibrant green to rich shades of orange, red, and sometimes even purple as the season progresses. These deciduous trees are more than just a visual feast; they hold a revered place in Japanese culture, often serving as subjects in traditional art and poetry. The fiery hues of maple leaves have become synonymous with the spirit of autumn in Japan, representing both the beauty and ephemerality of life. Often found in iconic locations like Kyoto’s Kiyomizu Temple and the Arashiyama district, these trees provide a backdrop that feels almost poetic, making them an essential part of the country’s cultural and natural identity.

Metasequoia Trees

When to See: Late November to early December
Where to See: Akebono Children’s Park in Saitama, Metasequoia Avenue in Shiga

Metasequoia trees are deciduous conifers characterized by their needle-like leaves that offer a distinct texture compared to the broader leaves of maples and ginkgos. In autumn, these leaves shift from a summery green to shades of reddish-brown, providing a different but equally captivating visual experience. While metasquoias may not have the deep-rooted cultural significance that other trees like maples hold in Japan, they’re gaining attention for their unique aesthetic contribution to the autumn landscape. Particularly popular in areas like Metasequoia Avenue in Shiga Prefecture, these trees are becoming a hot spot for those looking to diversify their autumn foliage viewing. Their unique leaf shape and color transition make them a refreshing alternative, adding a layer of complexity to Japan’s already vibrant fall scenery.

Zelkova Trees

When to See: Late November to early December
Where to See: Ueno Park and Showa Memorial Park in Tokyo

Zelkova trees are often overlooked but provide a subtle and understated charm to the Japanese autumnal landscape. These deciduous trees have simple, serrated leaves that turn a rustic brown in the fall. While they may not hold the iconic status or vibrant colors of the maples and ginkgos, they add a layer of quiet beauty to parks and streets. Commonly found in spaces like Ueno Park and Showa Memorial Park in Tokyo, zelkova trees offer a muted but essential backdrop that complements the more vivid foliage types. They may not be the show-stoppers in a traditional sense, but their presence enhances the overall depth and richness of Japan’s fall scenery, making them worth your attention.

Best Places to See Fall Foliage

While Kyoto often steals the spotlight as the most popular fall destination, Japan is brimming with awe-inspiring spots for autumn foliage across its regions. Below is a breakdown of some of the most popular fall foliage spots per region in Japan.

Hokkaido

If you’re keen on getting a head start on autumn, Hokkaido is your go-to. Daisetsuzan National Park isn’t just Japan’s largest wilderness area; it’s an early bloomer in the fall foliage season. The Shiretoko Peninsula follows closely with dramatic landscapes awash with vivid colors. Lastly, don’t overlook Jozankei Onsen, a hot spring destination that doubles as a leaf-peeping haven. The rugged natural beauty here sets the bar high for the rest of your autumn journey.

Tohoku

Tohoku is where autumn achieves a kind of poetic solitude that’s hard to find elsewhere. Hirosaki Castle in Aomori, more often celebrated for its cherry blossoms, undergoes a radiant transformation with hues of red and orange reflecting in its moats. But don’t just stop there; consider cruising down Geibikei Gorge in Iwate, where a boatman will guide you through cliffs adorned with autumnal splendor, making for a unique and tranquil leaf-viewing experience. Oirase Stream then rounds out the Tohoku autumn experience, perfect for those who love to mix hiking with their seasonal sightseeing. If you crave a deeper connection with nature as you observe the fall colors, Tohoku offers a serene backdrop that stands in splendid isolation.

Kanto

Kanto is the epitome of variety, offering something for every kind of foliage fan. Nikko is more than just a hub of Shogun-era temples; it’s a natural sanctuary where the trees burst into a riot of colors during autumn. Meiji Jingu Gaien in Tokyo, famed for its ginkgo avenue, turns into a golden corridor as the leaves change. And for those itching to get an early start on autumn viewing, Hitachi Seaside Park is a must-visit. The park’s kochia plants, with their broom-like appearance, transition from green to fiery red as early as October, setting the landscape ablaze. Kanto’s accessibility and range make it an ideal region for diverse autumn experiences, blending both urban and rural treasures in a seamless display of seasonal beauty.

Chubu

Chubu is where majestic highlands and deep valleys come together to form a compelling autumn tapestry. Kamikochi remains the crown jewel of the region, its unspoiled alpine scenery providing a grand stage for autumn leaves. If you’re looking for a truly immersive experience, take the Kurobe Gorge Torokko Train in Toyama. This scenic train ride passes through tunnels and over bridges, offering panoramic views of vibrant foliage set against the backdrop of one of Japan’s deepest gorges. For a more serene experience, the Kawaguchiko Maple Corridor in Yamanashi offers a charming lakeside walk framed by brilliantly colored maple trees. Here, you get to see the double whammy of Mt. Fuji and autumn colors reflecting on the lake. Chubu invites you to go beyond the usual and explore natural settings that are nothing short of extraordinary.

Kansai

You can’t talk about Japan’s fall foliage without giving Kansai its due. Kiyomizu Temple in Kyoto is synonymous with autumn colors, as is Arashiyama with its enchanting bamboo grove. If you’re in Osaka, make a quick trip to Minoo Park—this local favorite is an oasis of autumn colors.

Chugoku

Chugoku brings a unique blend of spirituality and scenery to the table. Miyajima Island, known for Itsukushima Shrine, gains another layer of magic with its fall foliage. Okayama Korakuen, one of Japan’s three great gardens, is a sight to behold during autumn. For a panoramic perspective, Mt. Daisen provides expansive views of the changing colors.

Shikoku

For an intimate fall experience, Shikoku’s lesser-trodden paths like Iya Valley and its vine bridges offer deep gorges and vivid colors. Ritsurin Garden is perfect for a peaceful stroll, and Mount Ishizuchi will give you an aerial view of the region’s autumn tapestry.

Kyushu

If off-the-beaten-path is your style, Kyushu has you covered. The Kuju Mountains are famous for their “Sea of Clouds,” made even more ethereal by the autumn leaves. Takachiho Gorge provides a mystical experience with its natural beauty accentuated by fall colors, and Nabegataki Falls offers a dreamy backdrop of cascading water surrounded by colorful leaves.

So there you have it—while Kyoto remains a staple, each region in Japan offers a unique take on autumnal splendor. Trust me, broaden your horizons and you’ll discover an array of fall locations that’ll blow your mind.

How to Catch Peak Fall Foliage Every Single Time

Sure, the autumnal beauty of fall foliage lingers a bit longer than the fleeting sakura blooms, making it seemingly easier to catch. But don’t be fooled—relying solely on forecasts or casual advice could lead you down a path of false expectations. Here’s how to make sure you catch those breathtaking autumn hues at their absolute peak.

Get Familiar with Different Types of Foliage

Yellow leaves generally reach their prime earlier than their red counterparts. Additionally, certain unique plants like kochia and spider lilies have their own timetable and hit peak color earlier in the season. Being aware of these nuances can guide your plans more effectively.

Be Specific About Your Destinations

Vague intentions to “see fall foliage in Tohoku” won’t cut it. Peak colors can differ substantially even within the same region or prefecture. Pinpoint the exact locations that are non-negotiables for your itinerary, whether that’s a secluded garden or a famous gorge, and plan around those.

Tune into Live Cameras

Here’s a pro tip: cametan aggregates live camera feeds from various fall foliage spots around Japan. The site is primarily in Japanese, but it’s nothing a quick Google Translate can’t handle. Live visuals are as real-time as it gets and will save you from unwelcome surprises.

Scour Google Maps Reviews

Google Maps isn’t just for directions; it’s also your undercover reconnaissance tool. Navigate to your desired location and sort photos by the latest uploads. Reading recent reviews can also provide insider info on the current state of the foliage.

Armed with these targeted strategies, you can set out on your leaf-peeping adventure with a high likelihood of hitting that mesmerizing peak foliage. Because let’s face it, fall colors in their prime are an unforgettable spectacle that you don’t want to miss.

Best Autumn Activities in Japan

Autumn in Japan is more than just a kaleidoscope of colors; it’s a season that offers diverse experiences appealing to all your senses. Contrary to popular belief, you’re not limited to just leaf-peeping and latte-sipping. From moon viewing festivals to scenic train rides, here’s how you can elevate your autumn sojourn in Japan.

Koyo Train Rides

Don’t fancy hiking but still want to experience the full extent of Japan’s autumn splendor? Well, consider the koyo train rides like the Sagano Scenic Railway in Kyoto. These curated experiences let you traverse through canopies of color, all while comfortably seated. It’s like a rolling theater but for nature.

Scenic Boat Rides

For those who prefer waterways over railways, boat rides offer another unique perspective of autumn foliage. Locations like Hozugawa in Kyoto, Nagatoro, and Geibikei Gorge provide boat tours that float you through landscapes adorned in autumnal hues. Imagine this: drifting peacefully on water as you pass under natural tunnels of vibrant leaves. Perfection.

Temple and Shrine Visits

Think temples and shrines are only for spiritual journeys? Think again. The backdrop of vivid fall colors enhances the already serene atmosphere of these sacred sites.

Onsen Soaking with a View

Relaxation and natural beauty come together in autumn’s outdoor rotenburo hot springs. Locations like Hakone offer these geothermal baths, where you can soak your worries away while surrounded by a tapestry of fall foliage. Talk about hitting two birds with one, very therapeutic, stone.

Night Illuminations

Missed the daytime hues? No worries. Special night illuminations, often hosted by parks and temples, can be just as awe-inspiring. The use of lights elevates the natural beauty of autumn leaves, giving them an almost ethereal glow.

Hiking

Autumn is perhaps the most forgiving season for hiking in Japan. The temperatures are just right, and the trails are less crowded. Plus, you’re rewarded with an unobstructed, panoramic view of the colorful landscape. Whether you’re scaling the heights of Mount Takao or strolling through the Kamikochi Valley, the season’s beauty will be your constant companion.

Tsukimi (Harvest Moon Festival)

Moon viewing in autumn is a long-held tradition known as Tsukimi. Families gather to admire the moon, offer “mochi” rice cakes as tribute, and celebrate the harvest. It’s a poetic custom that encapsulates the spirit of autumn in Japan.

Grape Picking

If you have a knack for hands-on experiences, grape picking offers an indulgent way to celebrate autumn. Vineyards open their gates for visitors to pick and taste different grape varieties. It’s not just about the fruit; it’s about the entire vine-to-mouth experience.

So there it is—your multi-layered guide to truly experiencing the best that autumn in Japan has to offer. Whether you’re into adventure, relaxation, or cultural engagement, this season won’t disappoint.

Must-Try Autumn Delicacies

Autumn is prime time for Japanese cuisine, offering a range of seasonal foods that are only available this time of year. From rare mushrooms to fresh fruits, here’s what you should be eating.

Matsutake Mushrooms

When it comes to mushrooms, matsutake is the undisputed king of autumn. This rare and aromatic mushroom is typically grilled or used in a clear soup known as “suimono.” Its unique pine-like aroma elevates the entire dining experience. Yes, it’s pricey, but you’re paying for a delicacy that’s synonymous with the season.

Pacific Saury (Sanma)

Sanma is the unspoken hero of autumn dining in Japan. Usually served grilled with a side of grated daikon radish, the fish’s rich, oily texture makes it a seasonal favorite. Don’t knock it till you’ve tried it—this dish is autumn on a plate.

Sweet Potatoes (Satsumaimo)

Autumn is the season where you’ll find “yaki-imo” vendors on the streets, selling freshly roasted sweet potatoes. These aren’t your average spuds; think creamy, sweet, and so satisfying you’ll wonder why they’re not a year-round thing.

Persimmons (Kaki)

If you have a sweet tooth, persimmons are nature’s candy in the fall. Enjoy them fresh, dried, or even as a smoothie. The soft, almost jelly-like texture of ripe persimmons is a seasonal joy you won’t want to miss.

Chestnuts (Kuri)

Whether it’s in the form of roasted nuts, sweet pastes, or even as an ingredient in savory dishes, chestnuts are a versatile autumn treat. Ever had chestnut rice? It’s a sumptuous dish that combines glutinous rice with chestnuts and is often enjoyed during special autumn gatherings.

Apple Varieties

Autumn is also the season for apples, and Japan offers a wide array of varieties, each with its unique flavor profile. Whether it’s the tart “Shinano Gold” or the sweet “Fuji,” you’re bound to find an apple that tickles your fancy.

Nabemono Hot Pots

As temperatures begin to dip, “nabemono” or hot pots become increasingly popular. Various ingredients like seasonal vegetables, tofu, and your choice of meat or fish are cooked in a communal pot. It’s not just a meal; it’s an experience.

Useful Japanese Vocabulary for Autumn in Japan

Navigating autumn in Japan becomes a more enriching experience when you’re armed with the right vocabulary. Knowing a few key terms can enhance your understanding and interactions during this stunning season. Here’s a list of autumn-specific Japanese words to keep in your back pocket.

General Terms

• Aki (秋): Autumn
• Kouyou (紅葉): Autumn foliage
• Momiji (もみじ): Maple leaves
• Tsukimi (月見): Harvest Moon Festival

Foliage Types

• Higanbana (彼岸花): Red spider lilies
• Icho (銀杏): Ginkgo
• Kochia (コキア): Kochia or fire bushes
• Metasekoiya (メタセコイア): Metasquoia
• Keyaki (欅): Zelkova trees

Food

• Sanma (秋刀魚): Pacific Saury
• Matsutake (松茸): Matsutake mushroom
• Kuri (栗): Chestnut
• Satsumaimo (さつまいも): Sweet Potato
• Kaki (柿): Persimmon

Activities

• Nabemono (鍋物): Hot Pot
• Haikingu (ハイキング): Hiking
• Kawa Kudari (川下り): River descent or rafting
• Budou Gari (ぶどう狩り): Grape Picking

Weather

• Samui (寒い): Cold
• Hare (晴れ): Sunny
• Kumori (曇り): Cloudy
• Ame (雨): Rain

Adding these words to your lexicon will not only make your autumn journey in Japan smoother but will also impress the locals. Make it a point to refer back to this list throughout your trip.

How to Dress for Autumn in Japan

Figuring out what to wear during your autumn trip to Japan can be challenging, especially if you’re not accustomed to the country’s fluctuating weather patterns. The temperature varies significantly from September to November, and it can feel like you’re experiencing all four seasons in just one day. That said, the key to dressing for autumn in Japan is layers. Let’s break down the essentials.

Early Autumn (20-27°C/68-81°F)

• Top Layers: A lightweight long-sleeve shirt paired with a breathable hoodie or cardigan.
• Bottom Layers: Chinos or lightweight jeans.
• Footwear: Sneakers or comfortable walking shoes.
• Additional: A light, water-resistant jacket for sudden showers.

Mid-Autumn (15-22°C/59-72°F)

• Top Layers: A thicker long-sleeve shirt with a warm sweater or a fleece jacket.
• Bottom Layers: Regular jeans or thicker pants.
• Footwear: Closed shoes or ankle boots.
• Additional: A light scarf for the increasingly chilly evenings.

Late Autumn (8-15°C/46-59°F)

• Top Layers: A thermal undershirt, a sweater, and a coat that retains heat.
• Bottom Layers: Thick jeans or wool pants.
• Footwear: Insulated boots.
• Additional: Scarf, gloves, and a hat to shield against the increasing cold.

General Tips

• Always Carry an Umbrella: Autumn is one of Japan’s rainier seasons. Always carry a small, foldable umbrella.
• Stay Woolly: Wool socks are your best friends for the chilly evenings.
• Wear a Warm Hat: As temperatures drop, a lot of heat can be lost through the head. Wearing a warm hat can make a significant difference in how you feel.

Don’t underestimate the importance of comfortable and weather-appropriate clothing when you’re out chasing those vibrant autumn colors. Being unprepared can distract from the awe-inspiring experience of Japanese autumn. Keep these guidelines in mind, and you’ll be comfortable and stylish from Hokkaido to Kyushu.

Frequently Asked Questions